A number of House Republicans — conservatives and moderates — have staked opposition to the party’s “big, beautiful bill” as GOP leaders race to send President Trump the sprawling package by their self-imposed July 4 deadline.
Hard-liners are incensed about the impact the bill will have on the deficit, while centrists are worried about the impact Medicaid cuts and the rollback of green-energy tax credits will have in their districts.
The House is scheduled to hold a procedural rule vote Wednesday afternoon before a final passage vote.
Live updates: GOP leaders lean on holdouts ahead of critical Trump megabill vote
Here are the Republicans to watch as those high-stakes referendums near.
Hard-line conservatives
Rep. Chip Roy (R-Texas)
Roy, a vocal member of the House Freedom Caucus, has voiced strong objections to several parts of the bill, including the large amount it will add to the deficit, the level of Medicaid cuts and the watered-down rollback of green-energy tax credits. He voted against advancing the package in the House Rules Committee early Wednesday morning.
Rep. Ralph Norman (R-S.C.)
Norman, another member of the House Freedom Caucus, was the other Republican on the Rules Committee to join Roy in voting with Democrats against advancing the legislation.
“What happened is our bill has been completely changed,” Norman said, referring to the tweaks the Senate made to the House bill. “I mean, from the [Inflation Reduction Act] credits to the deficit, which expands three quarters of a trillion dollars, it’s a nonstarter.”
Rep. Andy Harris (R-Md.)
Harris, the chair of the House Freedom Caucus, says conservatives will sink a procedural rule vote Wednesday if there are no changes to bring the bill closer to the House framework that dictated dollar-for-dollar spending reductions to offset tax cuts.
Rep. Lloyd Smucker (R-Pa.)
Smucker was instrumental in crafting that initial dollar-for-dollar framework in the House Budget Committee and led 37 members in a letter last month warning the Senate to stick to the House framework — which the Senate version of the bill did not. He declined to comment on his position Wednesday morning.
Rep. Keith Self (R-Texas)
Self, a House Freedom Caucus member, told The Hill that he plans to vote against the rule for the legislation on Wednesday. He has voiced support for reverting back to the framework that the House passed in June.
Rep. Andy Biggs (R-Ariz.)
“It’s hard for me to conceive that it’ll pass as is,” Biggs, a former chair of the House Freedom Caucus, said during a local radio interview on Tuesday. “There’s some amazingly bad stuff in here, like, I mean, let’s just face it, Elon Musk is right, it’s bad, but President Trump is right, it’s good. I mean, there’s some really, really good stuff, and there’s not so good stuff.”
Rep. Scott Perry (R-Pa.)
Perry, another former chair of the House Freedom Caucus, has railed against the Senate version of the bill, arguing in a post on the social platform X that the lower chamber “failed MIGHTILY at fulfilling President Trump’s promise to repeal it and restore American energy dominance.”
Rep. Andy Ogles (R-Tenn.)
Ogles, a member of the House Freedom Caucus, has also criticized the Senate bill for how it handles the rollback of green-energy tax credits. Ogles wrote on X that “The Green New Deal needs to die. The House passed OBBB brings the critical wins, the Senate’s falls short.”
Rep. Tim Burchett (R-Tenn.)
Burchett is a deficit hawk who voted to oust former Speaker Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) in part because of concerns over spending, but he has supported Trump’s bill thus far. Asked how he felt about the bill ahead of a meeting in the White House, Burchett said he was “uncommitted.”
Moderates
Rep. David Valadao (R-Calif.)
Valadao, a centrist Republican, came out against the Senate bill over the weekend, vowing to vote against it because of the Medicaid cuts in the bill. He said he would “not support a final bill that eliminates vital funding streams our hospitals rely on, including provider taxes and state directed payments, or any provisions that punish expansion states.”
Rep. Jeff Van Drew (R-N.J.)
Van Drew, who switched from the Democratic Party to the GOP in 2020, told The Hill that he plans to vote against the Senate’s version of the bill because of the Medicaid provider tax provisions that the upper chamber added.
Rep. Young Kim (R-Calif.)
A source familiar with the matter told The Hill over the weekend that Kim was a “no” on the legislation because of Medicaid language and the rollback of solar energy credits. She was also opposed to the public lands provisions, the source said, but those parts of the bill were stripped in the Senate.
Rep. Don Bacon (R-Neb.)
Bacon — a centrist Republican who announced this week that he will not run for reelection — has been coy about how he plans to vote on the bill, but he has expressed some concerns.
“Instead of improving the Medicaid and energy portions of [the] House bill, it appears the Senate went backwards,” Bacon told The Hill over the weekend.
Rep. Nick LaLota (R-N.Y.)
LaLota told The Hill over the weekend that he was opposed to the Senate’s version of the bill because of the provision involving the state and local tax (SALT) deduction cap — though that stance appears to be changing. On Tuesday, he said his office was reviewing the Senate’s bill.
“My team and I are reviewing all 887 pages of the Senate bill. Early analysis: middle-class Long Island families could see a $6K+ fed’l tax cut next year—$5K from the higher $40K SALT deduction. We’re closely analyzing other issues re nat’l deficit, health care, SNAP & energy,” he wrote on X.
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